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ADM1166
NONVOLATILE BLACK BOX FAULT RECORDING
A section of EEPROM, from Address 0xF900 to Address 0xF9FF, is
provided which, by default, can be used to store user-defined settings
and information. Part of this section of EEPROM, Address 0xF980 to
Address 0xF9FF, can, instead, be used to store up to 16 fault records.
Any sequencing engine state can be designated as a black box write
state. Each time the sequence engine enters that state a fault record
are fault records to be read. Alternatively, one of the PDOx outputs
can be used to generate an interrupt for a processor in the fault
record write state to signal the need to come and read one or more
fault records.
After reading fault records during normal operation, the following
two things must be done before the fault recorder will be able to
reuse the EEPROM locations:
is written into EEPROM. The fault record provides a snapshot of the
entire ADM1166 state at the point in time when the last state was
exited, just prior to entering the designated black box write state. A
fault record contains the following information:
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The EEPROM section must be erased.
The fault recorder must be reset so that it performs its search
again for the first unused location of EEPROM that is
available to store a fault record.
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A flag bit set to 0 after the fault record has been written
The state number of the previous state prior to the fault
record write state
Did a sequence/timeout/monitor condition cause the
previous state to exit?
UVSTATx and OVSTATx input comparator status
VXx GPISTAT status
LIMSTATx status
A checksum byte
BLACK BOX WRITES WITH NO EXTERNAL SUPPLY
In cases where all the input supplies fail, for example, if the card
has been removed from a powered backplane, the state machine
can be programmed to trigger a write into the black box EEPROM.
The decoupling capacitors on the rail that power the ADM1166
and other loads on the board form an energy reservoir. Depending
on the other loads on the board and their behavior as the supply
rails drop, there may be sufficient energy in the decoupling
capacitors to allow the ADM1166 to write a complete fault record
Each fault record contains eight bytes, with each byte taking
typically about 250 μs to write to EEPROM, for a total write
time of about 2 ms. Once the black box begins to write a fault
record into EEPROM, the ADM1166 ensures the write is complete
before attempting to write any additional fault records. This
means that if consecutive sequencing engine states are designated
as black box write states, then a time delay must be used in the
first state to ensure that the fault record is written before moving to
the next state.
When the ADM1166 powers on initially, it performs a search
to find the first fault record that has not been written to. It does
this by checking the flag bit in each fault record until it finds
one where the flag bit is 1. The first fault record is stored at
Address 0xF980 and at multiples of eight bytes after that,
with the last record stored at Address 0xF9F8.
The fault recorder is only able to write in the EEPROM. It is
not able to erase the EEPROM prior to writing the fault record.
Therefore, to ensure correct operation, it is important that the fault
record EEPROM be erased prior to use. Once all the EEPROM
locations for the fault records are used, no more fault records can
be written. This ensures that the first fault in any cascading fault is
stored and not overwritten and lost.
(8 bytes of data).
Typically, it takes 2 ms to write to the eight bytes of a fault record. If
the ADM1166 is powered using a 12 V supply on the VH pin, then
a UV threshold at 6 V could be set and used as the state machine
trigger to start writing a fault record to EEPROM. The higher the
threshold, the earlier the black box write will begin, and the more
energy available in the decoupling capacitors to ensure it completes
successfully.
Provided the VH supply, or another supply connected to a VPx pin,
remains above 3.0 V during the time to write, the entire fault record
would always be written to EEPROM. In many cases, there will be
sufficient decoupling capacitors on a board to power the ADM1166
as it writes into EEPROM.
In cases where the decoupling capacitors are not able to supply
sufficient energy for a complete fault record to be written after the
board is removed, the value of the capacitor on VDDCAP may
be increased. In the worst case, assuming that no energy is
supplied to the ADM1166 by external decoupling capacitors,
but that the VDDCAP capacitor has 4.75 V across it at the start
of the black box write to EEPROM, then a VDDCAP of 68 μF is
sufficient to guarantee a single complete black box record can
be written to EEPROM.
To avoid the fault recorder filling up and fault records being lost, an
application can periodically poll the ADM1166 to determine if there
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